Separation of the individual fibers in fibrous material



May .5, 1936. o. KRI-STOFFERSEN SEPARATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL FIBERS IN FIBROUS MATERIAL 21, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan May 5, 1936. o. KRISTOFFERSEN SEPARATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL FIBERS IN FIBROUS MATERIAL Filed Jan. 21, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 jections,

Patented May 5, 1936 PATENT OFFICE SEPARATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL FIBERS FIBROUS MATERIAL Olaf Kristofiersen, Oslo, Norwa Application January 21, 1935, Serial N0. 2,738 In Sweden and Germany February 19, 1934 3 Claims.

against one another, so that material between them is partly crushed and partly pulverized, thereby yielding the desired defibration. The relatively movable projections which, as in known machines, may be provided upon the periphery of a cylinder and upon the internal surface of a casing surrounding it for example, are so shaped that the projections provided on the revolving 20 member easily enter with their front ends, having regard to the direction of movement,- between the projections on the other member, but are broadened at their rear ends, so that they slide on the co-acting surfaces of the other prothese rear ends being moreover resiliently constructed, which may be most simply arranged by longitudinally slotting the ends in question. This resilient construction of the projections may be provided either on the movable projections or upon the stationary projections only, or else on both. The projections are preferably not provided upon the entire periphery, in order that the material supplied may be distributed in the machine. v

The ,machine serves primarily for the manufacture of fibrous material from wood shaving, straw, wool waste from weaving mills and other vegetable and animal waste, a small quantity of liquid being addedif desired for the purpose of facilitating the treatment. These substances may be mixed with binding and filling agents, this being in some instance already done in the machine. The pulpy mass is used for making insulating bodies, building slabs and many other articles.

In conjunction with this defibrating apparatus worm conveyers or conveying ribs are used which pass the material through the machine.

' 50 The'invention is illustrated by way of exam-' ple in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows the machine in perspective with the upperpart of the frame raised, so that the construction of the machine as a whole can be 55 seen;

Fig. 2 shows a section through the machine on the line IIII in Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows a detail on a larger scale.

.The machine according to the invention consists of a hollow cylindrical frame, composed of 5 an under part I and an upper part 2, pivotaily secured to the latter. The connection between these two parts is established on one side by means of hinges 3 and on the other side preferably by means of bolts 4. At one end of the frame is provided a. feeding aperture 5, through which the fibrous material is introduced into the machine. In the frame a rotor 5 is also provided, which rests in bearings 'I and 8, and which is provided with a projecting shaft 9 connected with suitable driving means, not shown. Both in the upper part and in the lower part of the frame suitably spaced ribs III are provided. The ribs l0 do not extend round the entire circum- -'ference of the frame, but only cover about half of it. When the frame is closed, therefore, there are two axially extending passages H and I2, through which the material can pass in a longitudinal direction without moving between the individual ribs. The ribs l0 may advantageously be secured to the frame throughout their length, and they are preferably of wedge-like shape, so that the end |3 which is the leading end having regard to the direction of movement is narrower than the rear end l4. In this manner, therefore, the spaces between the individual ribs l0 are wider at the front end than'at the rear end.

The rotor 6 is provided at one end immediately underneath the feeding aperture 5, preferably with afeeding screw l5, which, when material is introduced through the feeding aperture '5, immediately conveys it through the machine in an axial direction, thereby forcing it between the cooperating ribs. In a portion of the axial 0 length corresponding to the portion of the frame provided with ribs Hi the rotor is provided with a number of ribs IS. The ribs l5, as will be seen more particularly from Figure 3, are formed of a. compact front end I! and a dovetailshaped rear end, l8 formed with two branches l9 and 20. The ribs l5 are secured to plate-like rings 2| (see Figure 2) by means of a dovetailshaped wedging device 22, engaging in corresponding recesses or keyways extending in an axial direction through the rings 2|. In this manner only the solid portion H of the ribs I6 is rigidly connected with the rings 2| of the rotor. The rings 2| are also connected by the ,aid of suitable keys 23 with the rotor shaft 9.

. 2| there may be provided ent material, and the external dimension between the two branches l9 and 20 of the dovetail is preferably made somewhat greater than the minimum distance betweenthe ribs H] in the frame.

The individual ribs l6, as shown in Figure 1, are spirally arranged round the rotor 6, and are at such an axial distance from one another, that they fit the spaces between the ribs In in the frame. Furthermore the front end H of each of the ribs I6 is bevelled along a line which corresponds approximately to the spiral line along which the ribs are arranged round the rotor.

Each of the rings 2| may advantageously be provided with two ribs, one on each side, as shown in Figuresl and 3, and between each ring an intervening ring 24, which is not provided with ribs, and which serves to keep the ribs a suitable distance apart.

The material conveyed through the machine leaves the machine at the right hand and through the aperture 25 in the bearing 1, after which it escapes through the aperture 26. The treatment of the material has here been finally completed, the individual fibers having been separated from one another Without injury.

To enable the machine to be kept at any time at a desired temperature, the shaft 9 is made hollow, so that means for cooling by the aid of a suitable liquid can be provided without difficulty. The under part I as well as the upper part 2 of the frame may also be provided with cooling ducts 21 and 28 respectively.

'I claim:-

1. Improvements in means for separating the individual fibers of fibrous substances, ,comprising a stationary drum and a cylinder revolving therein, projecting rib-like teeth on both members in planes at right angle to the cylinder axis, said teeth being arranged in such 2,089,807 The ribs is are preferably made of a hard resilia way that they will mesh with each other, and one of these sets of ribs being arranged in such a Way that they will exert a resilient pressure against the sides of the projecting ribs on the other set, when they are in mesh with each other, the said resilient ribs being fastened. only at their front end and by means 'of undercut keys and keyways, while the rear portion is longitudinally slotted and is free to bear resiliently against the other set of ribs.

2. Improvements in means for separating the individual fibers in fibrous substances as in claim 1, characterized by the feature that the resilient ribs bear with their front portion (having regard to the direction of running) upon the cylinder, and are connected with the latter by undercut keys and keyways, while the rear portion, which is longitudinally slotted, is free, and bears resiliently against the ribs on; the stationary drum.

3. Improvements in means for separating the individual fibers of fibrous substances, comprising a stationary drum and a cylinder revolving therein, projecting rib-like teeth on both members in planes at right angle to the cylinder axis, said teeth being arranged in such. a way that they will mesh with each otheryand one set of these ribs being arranged in such a way that they will exert a resilient pressure against the sides of the projecting ribs on the other set when they are in mesh with each other, the said resilient ribs being fastened only at their front end and by means of undercut keys and keyways. while the rear portion is longitudinally slotted and is free to bear resiliently against the other set of ribs, the dimensions in the axial direction of the cylinder of the longitudinally slotted end of the said resilient ribs being greater than the' distance between the teeth in the other set of ribs.

' OLAF KRISTOF'F'ERSENQ 

